The Devil's Bargain: Bill Clinton, Import Tariffs, and the Transformation of Haiti's Economy
The Devil's Bargain: Bill Clinton, Import Tariffs, and the Transformation of Haiti's Economy The connection between U.S. foreign policy, trade liberalization, and the restructuring of developing economies is sharply illustrated by the relationship between Bill Clinton, import tariffs, and Haiti. A pivotal trade policy enacted in 1995 fundamentally disrupted Haiti’s domestic agricultural landscape, transforming the nation from a food-secure producer into one heavily reliant on foreign imports. 1. The 1995 Trade Reforms & Tariff Cuts In 1994, the United States launched Operation Uphold Democracy to restore Haiti’s democratically elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, following his ouster in a military coup. As part of the structural adjustment agreements tied to U.S. diplomatic backing and loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, the Clinton administration pressured the newly restored Haitian government to dramatically lower its trade barrie...